Piston



F. J. ZIPPLER.

PISTON.

APPLICATION mu) 05a. 5, 191a.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

[bit/lessees:

UNITED STATES FRANCIS J. ZIPPLER, 0F AVALON,

CHARLES M. HOFFERT. OF READING,

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO PENNSYLVANIA.

PISTON.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

Application filed December 5, 1918. Serial No. 265,865.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANCIS J. ZIPPLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Avalon, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pistons; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to an improvement in pistons, and has special reference towhat are known as hollow pistons. These pistons are used in the explosive engines for automobiles, etc., and are generally provided with split iston or packing rings for engaging the interior wall of a cylinder.

The main object of my invention is to provide a cheap, simple and efiicient form of a piston which will enable such rings to adhere closely against the interior wall of the cylinder, and thus prevent the compression or explosive mixture from passing between such rings and cylinder wall, thereby overcoming loss of compression and the power incident thereto.

Various other objects, such as durability, cheapness in manufacture, and the general improvement of the art are also provided for and will be brought out in the following specification and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to construct and use my improved piston, I will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure l is a side elevation a hollow piston having my invention applied thereto and showing the piston within the cylinder;

Fig. 2 is a similar view but showing the piston in section;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the piston taken on the line 3-3 Fig. 2, with part of the piston in section;

Fig. 4 is a cross section of the iston and cylinder taken on the line 44 Fig. 5, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing another form of the piston; and

Fig. 5 is a section of the form shown in Fig. 4 taken on the line 5-5 Fig. 4.

Like symbols of reference herein indicate like parts in each of the figures of the drawis illustrated in the drawing 1 designates the piston, which is provided with the annular hollow portion or chamber 2 within the same, with the side walls 3 surrounding such portion and top end wall 4 over the same. Within such hollow portion 2 is the usual wrist pin 4, which extends across the same and is supported in the bearings a formed in the wall 3. The cross wall or partition 5 extends between such Wall 3 and below the end wall 4 and between such crosswall and the end wall is the partition wall 6, which connects with such walls 4 and 5 and forms the annular chamber 7 around the same between such walls'and the side-wall 3. Ports or holes 8 extend through the topwall 4 and into the side wall 3 for connecting with the chamber 7, and within the outer face of the side-wall 3 are a series of annular seats of grooves 9 for the reception of the movable piston or packing rings 10. These piston rings are loosely mounted in the grooves 9 and are what is known as split rings, being each formed in a single section and connected together at their end portions 11 by a miter or oblique lapped joint 12. The end ring 10 on the receiving end of the piston 1 is also provided with the lug portions 13 for extending within the assageways or openings H which are forme( in the grooves S) connecting with the top ports or holes 8. Lug portions 13 may be formed on the ring 10, in order to kee such ring in position in its groove 9 so that its joint 12 will not register with the joint in the next ring, while such joint 12 will also be prevented from moving along in front of the openings or passage-ways 8. The lugs 13 are also formed of less thickness than the height of the openings or passage-ways 8 in order to allow sufiicient space in such openings to allow the operating fluid to pass through the same and against the rear face of the ring 10.

In the operation of my improved piston 1 within the usual cylinder A, such piston will travel in the usual back and forth movement within such cylinder by reason of the compression or explosive mixture striking the end wall 4 of the same. In order to move the one end piston ring against such cylinder wall a portion of such mixture will pass through the ports or holes 8 in such end-wall into the chamber 7 and impinge against the lugs 13 and 13' on the rear face of the ring 10 where such ring is exposed in the openings 8, thereby pressing such ring out firmly against such cylinder and thus preventing any of such mixture passing by and between said ring, lug, piston wall and cylinder wall, thereby overcoming any loss of compression. By having the lugs 13 and 13 in the passage-ways or openings 8 the explosive mixture will also act on the ring 10 in forcing such ring out against the cylinder wall.

If desired, the top-wall a and piston 6 can be dispensed with and the cross partition 5 act as such wall, so that the annular chamber 7 can thus be formed above such partition and between the same and the ends of the side wall 3, as shown in Fig. 5, in which case a portion or the explosive mixture will enter such chamber and come directly in contact with end ring 10 through the openings 8.

Various other modifications and changes in the design and construction of my improved piston may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit or" the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

It will thus be seen that the use of my improved piston will produce a tight fit of the same to the cylinder, and will enable the piston or packing rings used with the same to be worn down to a small thickness before requiring renewal.

It will thus be seen that the piston rings will engage the wall of the cylinder closely and without much friction between the parts, but will enable the full force of the explosive mixture to act in moving the piston and yet at the same time prevent leakage of such mixture along the piston rings and thereby overcome any loss of power in moving the cylinder by such leakage.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An internal combustion engine piston having split piston rings and a chamber in the fluid receiving end of the same for receiving a portion of the operating fluid, said piston having openings for carrying the op erating fluid from said chamber against the rear face of such end piston ring to force said ring against the cylinder wall, and lug portions on sa1d ring extendlng into said openings for holding the split portion of said ring away from said openings.

2. An internal combustion engine piston having split piston rings and a chamber in the fluid receiving end of the same for receiving a portion of the operating fluid, said piston having openings for carrying the operating fluid from said chamber against the rear face of such end piston ring to force said ring against the cylinder wall, and lug portions on said ring extending into said openings for holding the split portion of said ring away from said openings, said lug portions being smaller than said openings.

3. An internal combustion engine piston having split piston rings and a chamber in the fluid receiving end of the same for receiving a portion of the operating fluid, said piston having openings for carrying the operating fluid from said chamber and against the rear face of such end piston to-iorce said ring against the cylinder wall, and means on said ring extending into said openings for preventing the explosive mixture passing between said ring and exterior of said piston.

4. An internal combustion engine piston having split piston rings and a chamber in the fluid receiving end of the same for receiving a portion of the operating fluid, said piston having openings for carrying the op erating fluid from said chamber against thr rear face of such end piston ring to force said ring against the cylinder wall, and a lug portion on said ring extending into said openings for preventing the explosive mix ture passing between said ring and exterior of said piston.

In testimony whereof I, the said FRANCIS J. ZIPPLE t, have hereunto set my hand.

FRANCIS J. ZIPPLER.

W'itnesses:

J. M. GEOGHEGAN, J. N. 000m. 

